MGMT 4500 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MGMT 4500 - Essay Example Collaboration with other organizations such as Warner Bros contributes to the success of the organization. It enhances its stature in the market, and contributes to the acquisition of the market share. The ability of the organization to re-organize its negotiations with other entities contributes to the success of contracts. However, the organization needs to be keen with the intention of addressing emerging challenges. Executive bonus compensation plans target individuals with high ranks at the organization. This means that it becomes increasingly difficult to address the organizational needs as a whole. These bonuses may trickle down to the common worker though the percentage significantly reduces. Consequently, it is crucial to embrace corrective measures and harmonize such bonuses amidst the employees. It is equally crucial to reduce executive control on the financial processes especially bonuses because they affect the motivational levels of other employees. The executive bonus plans should focus on people, strategy, as well as operations within an organization. It should not focus on individuals or personalities rather than the goals of the entity (Katsioloudes

The Theory of Mindshould primates be afforded Human Rights on the Essay

The Theory of Mindshould primates be afforded Human Rights on the basis that they are conscious - Essay Example We laugh and enjoy on good things; feel sad and cry on bad things and adverse moments; we also understand each other; we develop desires. We acquire, improve, and utilize knowledge to develop concepts, principles, laws, and methods. Everything we do and every time we do it we are explicitly aware of our actions. This same uniqueness even created fictional ideas, that man is a special creature that is not part of this world. But this is not the emphasis of this paper. It is assumed here that human is part of the evolutionary process and is a type of creatures with special understanding that was part of the complex evolutionary path. Because of the human awareness, he created and honored the guidelines of morality, which we commonly refer as human rights as a basis of our actions to achieve harmony within the society. But several ideas came out that certain type of primates show some level of awareness that humans claimed. The question whether primates have a theory of mind was started by Premack & Woodruff (1979) and created interest in the studies on cognition with these creatures. Characteristics of the existence of a mind among these creatures are exhibited by several experiments in psychology. Behaviors such as self-recognition, imitation, role taking, deception, perspective taking, and some show of social relationship among their groups were observed and discussed by Heyes (1998). These ideas received a lot of criticisms and were subjects for scrutiny and verifications. Debates are even widespread about the subject. The growing popularity of the idea that primates do think and have a theory of mind created a somewhat weird question within the society. Should primates be accorded human rights on the basis that they have theory of the mind There are several moral issues associated with such questions. A lot of "what-ifs" can be derived from this idea. If we grant primates the same rights we have, can they be part of our society This question can be addressed by examining the validity of some facts and the associating them in the context of human rights. This paper is primary geared towards finding facts and recommendations to address the human rights issue on primates. The contents will discuss basic principles on "The Theory of the Mind," what it is all about, what are its implications to the human society and its association with defined and accepted social norms and human rights. It will explore the controversial primate characteristics associated with the existence of theory of the mind within these creatures as enumerated and discussed by Heyes (1998). This report, however, is neither an exhaustive review of existing available facts and information about existence of mind in primates nor an elaborate case study on primate's rights. This paper would present the facts why humans recognize common rights in the context of the Theory of Mind and if such characteristic does exist in primates. It is a critical evaluation of available facts based on limited sources and is reflective of ideas as a personal perspective based on critical analyses of certain issues. Scientific views on theory of the mind This section would deal with the principles and information that explains in general terms the theory of the mind and the mechanism involved in the social cognition and the

Contemporary Development in Business and Management Essay

Contemporary Development in Business and Management - Essay Example The telecom network in India were historically owned and managed by the Government of India as they considered that natural monopoly and strategic service were best controlled under the states supervision. The Department of Telecommunication (DoT), which is now known as Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. (BSNL), was the single largest provider of telecom services. However, the examples of privatization in other economies in the 1990's, which resulted in better quality of service and lower tariffs, led Indian policy makers to initiate a change process. This finally resulted in unlocking the sector for the private operators. Unwrapping the sector was although greeted with a lot of optimism counting the potential and the kind of services the operators could offer, however the sky-scraping license fees, high investment requirements were not matched by a corresponding increase in revenues. With the subscriber base not matching up the expectation and airtime usage remaining sluggish, business plans made by the service providers began to falter that resulted in small companies winding up their businesses early. One of the first steps towards introducing reforms in the sector by the government was with the setting up of Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT) in 1984. It was made with an objective of managing research in the switching and transmission segments. Thereupon, the government separated the Department of Post and Telegraph in 1985 by setting up the Department of Post and the Department of Telecommunications. In the year government instituted two public corporations viz. The Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) and the Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL). These were set up under supervision of Department of Telecommunications (DoT). The VSNL worked out an exclusive arrangement for access to undersea wideband cable capacity with Fibre Optic Link around the Globe (FLAG), an international telecom carrier in which it had invested US$37 million. However, the prime minister's office (PMO) intervened to make the VSNL review these exclusive rights. Ultimately, other private operators were given the right to work with FLAG and other similar carriers to have access to undersea bandwidth for providing ILD services. The VSNL's monopoly status was to be reviewed in the year 2004. Over a period of time the government diluted its stake in the VSNL by issuing global depository receipts (GDRs). Till the year 2000, the government still held nearly 53 per cent of the equity. The VSNL's incoming international traffic grew at an average rate of 24 per cent per annum between 1990 to 2000, and over the same period incoming calls grew by 12 per cent per annum. The VSNL's revenue could easily compare with the leading telecom companies of smaller countries like Chile, Pakistan, and Malaysia. In the year 1997, the government instituted a body called Telecom Regulatory Authority of India or TRAI. The authority was helpful in getting the private cellular operators approach them before contesting their case before DoT. The telecom Policies In 1994 the government issued the first ever Telecommunications Policy. The policy was issued to provide universal access to basic telecommunications services by 1997 and offered guidelines for entry of the private sector into basic telecommu

Doing gender as opposed to being a gender Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Doing gender as opposed to being a gender - Essay Example In his definition of gender, he brings it out as â€Å"interactional portrayals of what individuals would like to convey about sexual natures, via the use of conservative gestures† (West & Zimmerman, 1987, p. 22). This depicts the pursuit of gender as unreasonable. It means that individuals behave according to what they want understood on their sexual types. According to sociology, both gender role and gender display pay attention to the behavioral elements of being either man or woman as opposed to the biological variance between the two. According to West and Zimmerman, the idea of gender as a role makes it unclear concerning the work that is required in producing gender in daily activities, while the idea of display demotes it to the edge of interaction. They argue that â€Å"Participants in interaction organize their various and manifold activities to express or reflect on gender, and are disposed to perceive the behavior of others in a similar light† (West & Zimmerman, 1987, p. 75). This means that gender is about controlling one’s actions according to the behavioral guidelines for one’s selected sex type and seeing others in the same perspective. This may not be applicable to individuals who are intersexual, having a biological makeup that is ambiguous. Instead, such persons could be assigned sex types according to the way they effectively discharge their gender-specific roles. Transgender could also be taken to belong to their chosen sex type without the essential biological standards as long as they follow the guidelines of the performance of gender. In the West, the cultural view on gender sees both men and women as naturally and indisputably defined types of having psychological and behavioral susceptibility that can be foretold from their reproductive functions. This can be termed as gender since one functions according to his sex. In contrast, gender can be defined as the act of controlling